James’ year of birth is recorded in the Armstrong family bible as 1869; however, his daughter says he was botn 8 October 1872. This date would make him the eighth, rather than seventh, child.491 An Ontario birth certificate supports the 1869 timeframe and gives 9 October as the date.798

Jopie and Viviane’s history gives James’ middle name as “Lougheed,” while his birth certificate gives it as “Allen.”